Bhagti or Bhakti is wholehearted devotion to God. It is love of God, a
virtuous life and obedience to the laws of nature.
This means submitting to Hukam, will of God or Divine commands and
remaining in a state of equipoise under diverse
circumstances. Bhagti is not pretense; it is practice:
ਹਰਿ ਭਗਤਿ ਹਰਿ ਕਾ ਪਿਆਰੁ ਹੈ ਜੇ ਗੁਰਮੁਖਿ ਕਰੇ ਬੀਚਾਰੁ ॥ ਪਾਖੰਡਿ ਭਗਤਿ ਨ ਹੋਵਈ ਦੁਬਿਧਾ
ਬੋਲੁ ਖੁਆਰੁ ॥ ੩ ੨੮
Bhagti is love of God through contemplation on the Guru’s word.
Pretense is not Bhakti but dualism that leads to frustration (M: 3, SGGS,
p 28).
The fifth Guru identifies a Bhagat (man or woman) thus:
ਕਰਹਿ ਭਗਤਿ ਆਤਮ ਕੈ ਚਾਇ ॥ ਪ੍ਰਭ ਅਪਨੇ ਸਿਉ ਰਹਹਿ ਸਮਾਇ ॥
ਜੋ ਹੋਆ ਹੋਵਤ ਸੋ ਜਾਨੈ ॥ ਪ੍ਰਭ ਅਪਨੇ ਕਾ ਹੁਕਮੁ ਪਛਾਨੈ ॥
ਤਿਸ ਕੀ ਮਹਿਮਾ ਕਉਨ ਬਖਾਨਉ ॥ ਤਿਸ ਕਾ ਗੁਨੁ ਕਹਿ ਏਕ ਨ ਜਾਨਉ ॥
ਆਠ ਪਹਰ ਪ੍ਰਭ ਬਸਹਿ ਹਜੂਰੇ ॥ ਕਹੁ ਨਾਨਕ ਸੇਈ ਜਨ ਪੂਰੇ ॥੭॥ ੫ ੨੮੬
Engages in loving devotion from the heart; ever remains absorbed in
God;
Accepts whatever happens as the will of God;
One cannot describe such a devotee; we know not his (or her) virtues;
Those who perceive God’s presence day and night are perfect servants of
God (M: 5, SGGS, p 286).
Bhagti is living a life of self negation, not asserting oneself but remaining
steadfast as a humble servant of the Lord:
ਮਤਿ ਹੋਦੀ ਹੋਇ ਇਆਣਾ ॥ ਤਾਣ ਹੋਦੇ ਹੋਇ ਨਿਤਾਣਾ ॥ ਅਣਹੋਦੇ ਆਪੁ ਵੰਡਾਏ ॥ ਕੋ ਐਸਾ ਭਗਤੁ ਸਦਾਏ ॥੧੨੮॥ ਫ ੧੩੮੪
He has wisdom but is seen as ignorant; has power or wealth and does
not flaunt it;
Has little but still shares; such a one is called a Bhagat (Farid, SGGS, p
1384).
These qualities are not easy to emulate but can be done by Divine grace
and if one goes by the Guru’s teachings:
ਸਾਜਨ ਮੇਰੇ ਪ੍ਰੀਤਮਹੁ ਤੁਮ ਸਹ ਕੀ ਭਗਤਿ ਕਰੇਹੋ ॥
ਗੁਰੁ ਸੇਵਹੁ ਸਦਾ ਆਪਣਾ ਨਾਮੁ ਪਦਾਰਥੁ ਲੇਹੋ ॥
ਭਗਤਿ ਕਰਹੁ ਤੁਮ ਸਹੈ ਕੇਰੀ ਜੋ ਸਹ ਪਿਆਰੇ ਭਾਵਏ ॥
ਆਪਣਾ ਭਾਣਾ ਤੁਮ ਕਰਹੁ ਤਾ ਫਿਰਿ ਸਹ ਖੁਸੀ ਨ ਆਵਏ ॥
ਭਗਤਿ ਭਾਵ ਇਹੁ ਮਾਰਗੁ ਬਿਖੜਾ ਗੁਰ ਦੁਆਰੈ ਕੋ ਪਾਵਏ ॥
ਕਹੈ ਨਾਨਕੁ ਜਿਸੁ ਕਰੇ ਕਿਰਪਾ ਸੋ ਹਰਿ ਭਗਤੀ ਚਿਤੁ ਲਾਵਏ ॥੧॥ ੩ ੪੪੦
My dear friends devote yourselves to the Master;
follow the Guru so as to receive the gift of Naam;
engage in devotional service such that pleases the Master;
remember it will not please the Master if you go your own way;
Yes, this a difficult path but can be achieved by following the Guru;
Only those on whom God bestows grace, wholeheartedly engage in
Bhagti (M: 3, SGGS, p 440).
One who develops love for the Creator does what would please God.
Whatever he does then is Bhagti:
ਗੁਰਮੁਖਿ ਹਸੈ ਗੁਰਮੁਖਿ ਰੋਵੈ ॥ ਜਿ ਗੁਰਮੁਖਿ ਕਰੇ ਸਾਈ ਭਗਤਿ ਹੋਵੈ ॥ ਗੁਰਮੁਖਿ ਹੋਵੈ ਸੁ ਕਰੇ
ਵੀਚਾਰੁ ॥ ਗੁਰਮੁਖਿ ਨਾਨਕ ਪਾਵੈ ਪਾਰੁ ॥੧੪॥ ੪ ੧੪੨੨
A man who remembers God whether in comfort or in pain;
whatever he then does is Bhagti;
Such a man contemplates on the Guru’s word;
and this helps him to cross the world ocean successfully (M:4, SGGS, p
1422).
But for this one needs to give up ego; otherwise all effort goes waste:
ਹਉਮੈ ਭਗਤਿ ਕਰੇ ਸਭੁ ਕੋਇ ॥ ਨਾ ਮਨੁ ਭੀਜੈ ਨਾ ਸੁਖੁ ਹੋਇ ॥
ਕਹਿ ਕਹਿ ਕਹਣੁ ਆਪੁ ਜਾਣਾਏ ॥ ਬਿਰਥੀ ਭਗਤਿ ਸਭੁ ਜਨਮੁ ਗਵਾਏ ॥੬॥ ੩ ੧੨੭੭
Bhagti without the Guru’s guidance is egoistic,
it does not influence the mind positively or bring peace;
One who talks of oneself only impress people;
Such Bhagti is not fruitful and results in human birth being wasted
(M:,3, SGGS, p 1277)
On the other hand Bhagti done in humility brings genuine fame in the
world and entitles one to receive Divine grace. This
is exemplified by lives of saints of all faiths. Sri Guru Granth Sahib has
compositions of 15 such Bhagats. Guru Arjun
describes the qualities of some of them that brought them name and
grace:
ਗੋਬਿੰਦ ਗੋਬਿੰਦ ਗੋਬਿੰਦ ਸੰਗਿ ਨਾਮਦੇਉ ਮਨੁ ਲੀਣਾ ॥ ਆਢ ਦਾਮ ਕੋ ਛੀਪਰੋ ਹੋਇਓ ਲਾਖੀਣਾ ॥੧॥ ਰਹਾਉ ॥
Namdev absorbed his mind in Gobind, the Master of the universe;
And thus a poor calico printer obtained great respect: Pause:
ਬੁਨਨਾ ਤਨਨਾ ਤਿਆਗਿ ਕੈ ਪ੍ਰੀਤਿ ਚਰਨ ਕਬੀਰਾ ॥ ਨੀਚ ਕੁਲਾ ਜੋਲਾਹਰਾ ਭਇਓ ਗੁਨੀਯ ਗਹੀਰਾ ॥੧॥
Kabir gave up weaving and became a devotee of God;
The low caste weaver achieved profound virtues; 1:
ਰਵਿਦਾਸੁ ਢੁਵੰਤਾ ਢੋਰ ਨੀਤਿ ਤਿਨਿ ਤਿਆਗੀ ਮਾਇਆ ॥ ਪਰਗਟੁ ਹੋਆ ਸਾਧਸੰਗਿ ਹਰਿ ਦਰਸਨੁ ਪਾਇਆ ॥੨॥
Ravidas the cobbler, who used to carry carcasses of animals, gave up
love of mammon;
He achieved fame and Divine vision by partaking in
holy congregation; 2:
ਸੈਨੁ ਨਾਈ ਬੁਤਕਾਰੀਆ ਓਹੁ ਘਰਿ ਘਰਿ ਸੁਨਿਆ ॥ ਹਿਰਦੇ ਵਸਿਆ ਪਾਰਬ੍ਰਹਮੁ ਭਗਤਾ ਮਹਿ ਗਨਿਆ ॥੩॥
Sain the barber, the idol worshiper became a household name;
And recognized as a Bhagat by making his mind the abode of God: 3:
ਇਹ ਬਿਧਿ ਸੁਨਿ ਕੈ ਜਾਟਰੋ ਉਠਿ ਭਗਤੀ ਲਾਗਾ ॥ ਮਿਲੇ ਪ੍ਰਤਖਿ ਗੁਸਾਈਆ ਧੰਨਾ ਵਡਭਾਗਾ ॥੪॥ ੫ ੪੮੭-੮੮
Hearing such tales Dhanna the peasant engaged in devotional worship;
He was fortunate to receive direct glimpse of the Master (M: 5, SGGS, p 487-88).
All the above saints were from the so called low castes. People of such castes are treated untouchable and not allowed to
enter temples. But with God’s grace they all achieved respect in society. In the words of Bhagat Ravidas himself:
ਮੇਰੀ ਜਾਤਿ ਕੁਟ ਬਾਂਢਲਾ ਢੋਰ ਢੋਵੰਤਾ ਨਿਤਹਿ ਬਾਨਾਰਸੀ ਆਸ ਪਾਸਾ ॥
ਅਬ ਬਿਪ੍ਰ ਪਰਧਾਨ ਤਿਹਿ ਕਰਹਿ ਡੰਡਉਤਿ ਤੇਰੇ ਨਾਮ ਸਰਣਾਇ ਰਵਿਦਾਸੁ ਦਾਸਾ ॥੩॥੧॥ ਰ ੧੨੯੨
The people of my caste live around Banaras; they carry animal carcasses, cut and stitch leather;
But since seeking Your sanctuary O Lord, even the Brahmin chiefs prostrate in front of Your servant Ravidas (Ravidas,
SGGS, p 1292).
Bhagti cannot be done unless the mind is at peace. This seems to be a paradox because Bhagti is meant to bring peace. The
resolution for this lies in understanding that when the mind is disturbed by evil thoughts and prejudices, or is in a conflict
situation Bhagti is not possible. A simple method to overcome this is to ask one self “am I responsible for this situation”?
or “I must take the other persons point of view into account”. The Guru elucidates:
ਮਨਿ ਮੈਲੈ ਭਗਤਿ ਨ ਹੋਵਈ ਨਾਮੁ ਨ ਪਾਇਆ ਜਾਇ ॥
ਮਨਮੁਖ ਮੈਲੇ ਮੈਲੇ ਮੁਏ ਜਾਸਨਿ ਪਤਿ ਗਵਾਇ ॥
ਗੁਰ ਪਰਸਾਦੀ ਮਨਿ ਵਸੈ ਮਲੁ ਹਉਮੈ ਜਾਇ ਸਮਾਇ ॥
ਜਿਉ ਅੰਧੇਰੈ ਦੀਪਕੁ ਬਾਲੀਐ ਤਿਉ ਗੁਰ ਗਿਆਨਿ ਅਗਿਆਨੁ ਤਜਾਇ ॥੨॥ ੩ ੩੯
Bhagti is not possible with evil in the mind because Naam and ego cannot coexist;
this is what happens to the self-oriented; they do not recive honor; However
When with Guru’s grace God abides in the mind, ego is dissolved in the mind itself;
the ignorant mind is enlightened with the word and ignorance disappears
(M: 3, SGGS, p 39).
But this is not what ordinarily happens. Many of us believe we lnow what is
right and respond to situations with short term
reults in view. On the other hand the Bhagats do not take the easy path and
remain steadfast:
ਭਗਤਾ ਕੀ ਚਾਲ ਨਿਰਾਲੀ ॥ ਚਾਲਾ ਨਿਰਾਲੀ ਭਗਤਾਹ ਕੇਰੀ ਬਿਖਮ ਮਾਰਗਿ ਚਲਣਾ ॥ ਲਬੁ ਲੋਭੁ ਅਹੰਕਾਰੁ ਤਜਿ ਤ੍ਰਿਸਨਾ ਬਹੁਤੁ ਨਾਹੀ ਬੋਲਣਾ ॥ ੩ ੯੧੮
The ways of the Bhagts are different;
They are different because they tread on difficult paths;
They shed covetousness, greed, vanity, craving and too much talk (M: 3,
SGGS, p 918).
They love the Master like a child loves the parents and He reciprocates:
ਪ੍ਰਭ ਕੋ ਭਗਤਿ ਵਛਲੁ ਬਿਰਦਾਇਓ ॥ ਕਰੇ ਪ੍ਰਤਿਪਾਲ ਬਾਰਿਕ ਕੀ ਨਿਆਈ ਜਨ ਕਉ ਲਾਡ ਲਡਾਇਓ
॥੧॥ ਰਹਾਉ ॥੫ ੪੯੮
It is God’s nature to love His devotees;
He looks after them and pampers them as His children: pause: (M: 5,
SGGS, p 498).
Guru Nanak says that motivation for Bhagti is given by the Creator
Himself. He puts those who follow the Guru on the
path of Bhagti but sends the self-oriented astray:
ਭਗਤਾ ਤੈ ਸੈਸਾਰੀਆ ਜੋੜੁ ਕਦੇ ਨ ਆਇਆ ॥
The Bhagats and the world-attached cannot keep company;
ਕਰਤਾ ਆਪਿ ਅਭੁਲੁ ਹੈ ਨ ਭੁਲੈ ਕਿਸੈ ਦਾ ਭੁਲਾਇਆ ॥
The creator is omniscient and cannot be deceived;
ਭਗਤ ਆਪੇ ਮੇਲਿਅਨੁ ਜਿਨੀ ਸਚੋ ਸਚੁ ਕਮਾਇਆ ॥
He accepts those who lead virtuous lives, the Bhagats; while
ਸੈਸਾਰੀ ਆਪਿ ਖੁਆਇਅਨੁ ਜਿਨੀ ਕੂੜੁ ਬੋਲਿ ਬੋਲਿ ਬਿਖੁ ਖਾਇਆ ॥
Those caught in falsehood and evil are led astray;
ਚਲਣ ਸਾਰ ਨ ਜਾਣਨੀ ਕਾਮੁ ਕਰੋਧੁ ਵਿਸੁ ਵਧਾਇਆ ॥
Unmindful of death they get more and more in the grip of lust,
anger and mammon;
ਭਗਤ ਕਰਨਿ ਹਰਿ ਚਾਕਰੀ ਜਿਨੀ ਅਨਦਿਨੁ ਨਾਮੁ ਧਿਆਇਆ ॥
But the Bhagats serve the Master remembering Him day and night;
ਦਾਸਨਿ ਦਾਸ ਹੋਇ ਕੈ ਜਿਨੀ ਵਿਚਹੁ ਆਪੁ ਗਵਾਇਆ ॥
They live humbly serving God’s servants; and
ਓਨਾ ਖਸਮੈ ਕੈ ਦਰਿ ਮੁਖ ਉਜਲੇ ਸਚੈ ਸਬਦਿ ਸੁਹਾਇਆ ॥੧੬॥ 1 145
Obeying the Divine Word they receive honor before the Master (M: 1,
SGGS, p 145).
Bhagti is not restricted to formal remembrance of God in meditation but
continues all day and night. So there is no fixed
time for Bhagti. A Bhagat says:
ਜੇ ਵੇਲਾ ਵਖਤੁ ਵੀਚਾਰੀਐ ਤਾ ਕਿਤੁ ਵੇਲਾ ਭਗਤਿ ਹੋਇ ॥
ਅਨਦਿਨੁ ਨਾਮੇ ਰਤਿਆ ਸਚੇ ਸਚੀ ਸੋਇ ॥
ਇਕੁ ਤਿਲੁ ਪਿਆਰਾ ਵਿਸਰੈ ਭਗਤਿ ਕਿਨੇਹੀ ਹੋਇ ॥
ਮਨੁ ਤਨੁ ਸੀਤਲੁ ਸਾਚ ਸਿਉ ਸਾਸੁ ਨ ਬਿਰਥਾ ਕੋਇ ॥੧॥ ੩ ੩੫
If we keep thinking when to do Bhagti we will never do it;
Bhagti means being imbued in Naam (God’s virtues) for ever and one gets
known as such;
It is no Bhagti if the beloved Master is forgotten even for a moment;
Absorbed in the eternal Master, mind and body are ever at peace and not a
breath is wasted (M: 3, SGGS, p 35).
Being sure of Divine protection the Bhagats become fearless, and pray:
ਦੂਤ ਦੁਸਮਨ ਸਭਿ ਤੁਝ ਤੇ ਨਿਵਰਹਿ ਪ੍ਰਗਟ ਪ੍ਰਤਾਪੁ ਤੁਮਾਰਾ ॥ ਜੋ ਜੋ ਤੇਰੇ ਭਗਤ ਦੁਖਾਏ ਓਹੁ
ਤਤਕਾਲ ਤੁਮ ਮਾਰਾ ॥੧॥ ੫ ੬੮੧
All persecutors and enemies are vanquished by You O Lord, that is Your
grandeur;
Those who torment Your Bhagats are destroyed by You (M: 5, SGGS, p
861).
ਕੋਟਿ ਬਿਘਨ ਬਿਨਸਹਿ ਹਰਿ ਸੇਵਾ ਨਿਹਚਲੁ ਗੋਵਿਦ ਧਾਮ ॥ ਭਗਵੰਤ ਭਗਤ ਕਉ ਭਉ ਕਿਛੁ ਨਾਹੀ ਆਦਰੁ ਦੇਵਤ ਜਾਮ ॥੧॥ ੫ ੭੦੨
God removes all impediments in the path to the Master’s abode;
The beloved Lord’s Bhagat has no fear, for even the messengers of death
show respect to him (M:5, SGGS, p 702).
With such benedictions from the Master one should be motivated to serve
the Lord. The third Guru says if he does not do so
he would waste the opportunity provided by the human birth to unite with
God:
ਭਾਈ ਰੇ ਭਗਤਿਹੀਣੁ ਕਾਹੇ ਜਗਿ ਆਇਆ ॥ ਪੂਰੇ ਗੁਰ ਕੀ ਸੇਵ ਨ ਕੀਨੀ ਬਿਰਥਾ ਜਨਮੁ ਗਵਾਇਆ ॥ ੧॥ ਰਹਾਉ ॥ ੩ ੩੨
O brother any one bereft of Bhagti should not have taken birth;
Not serving the Master is wasting human birth: Pause: (M: 3, SGGS, p
32).
It is best to avoid the company of those devoid of Bhagti:
ਐਸੇ ਲੋਗਨ ਸਿਉ ਕਿਆ ਕਹੀਐ ॥ ਜੋ ਪ੍ਰਭ ਕੀਏ ਭਗਤਿ ਤੇ ਬਾਹਜ ਤਿਨ ਤੇ ਸਦਾ ਡਰਾਨੇ ਰਹੀਐ
॥੧॥ ਰਹਾਉ ॥ ਕ ੩੩੨
What can we say to such people?
It is best to keep away from those deprived of Bhagti by the Creator
(Kabir, SGGS, p 332).
Bhagti is holistic and has to be supported by our deeds not rituals;
ਤੇਰੇ ਅਨੇਕ ਤੇਰੇ ਅਨੇਕ ਪੜਹਿ ਬਹੁ ਸਿਮ੍ਰਿਤਿ ਸਾਸਤ ਜੀ ਕਰਿ ਕਿਰਿਆ ਖਟੁ ਕਰਮ ਕਰੰਤਾ ॥
ਸੇ ਭਗਤ ਸੇ ਭਗਤ ਭਲੇ ਜਨ ਨਾਨਕ ਜੀ ਜੋ ਭਾਵਹਿ ਮੇਰੇ ਹਰਿ ਭਗਵੰਤਾ ॥੪॥ ੪ ੧੧
Innumerable people read the scriptures and perform many rituals; but
A Bhagat is he with whom the Master is pleased (M: 4, SGGS, p 11).
One does not need the help of a priest to engage in Bhagti but does that
himself and motivates others to do so:
ਹਉ ਵਾਰੀ ਜੀਉ ਵਾਰੀ ਆਪਿ ਭਗਤਿ ਕਰਨਿ ਅਵਰਾ ਭਗਤਿ ਕਰਾਵਣਿਆ ॥ ਤਿਨਾ ਭਗਤ ਜਨਾ ਕਉ ਸਦ ਨਮਸਕਾਰੁ ਕੀਜੈ ਜੋ ਅਨਦਿਨੁ ਹਰਿ ਗੁਣ ਗਾਵਣਿਆ ॥੧॥ ਰਹਾਉ ॥ ੩ ੧੨੩
I am all praise for those who engage in Bhagti and motivate others to do
so;
I pay obeisance to the Bhagats who are contonuously sing the Lord’s
praises:Pause: (M: 3, SGGS, p 123).
Let us follow the Guru’s exhortation:
ਆਪਿ ਜਪਹੁ ਅਵਰਾ ਨਾਮੁ ਜਪਾਵਹੁ ॥ ਸੁਨਤ ਕਹਤ ਰਹਤ ਗਤਿ ਪਾਵਹੁ ॥੫ ੨੮੯
Remember Naam yourself and motivate others;
Get to the exalted spiritual state by listening, reciting and emulating
Divine virtues (M: 5, SGGS, p 289).
Comments
Posted On
Oct 24, 2014Posted By
ClydeHi there!This post couldn’t be written much better!
Looking throujgh this article reminds me of my previous roommate!
He always kept preaching about this. I’ll forward this information to him.
Fairly certain he’ll have a great read. Thanks for sharing!